Damascus, (SANA) – The licorice plant grows in a small number of countries including Syria, and licorice drink is popular in the month of Ramadan due to its distinct taste and various medical qualities which were known to many ancient civilizations.

The Ancient Egyptians, the Chinese and the Babylonians used the licorice plant and drink as medicine to cure throat sores, malaria, poisoning, respiratory problems, kidney conditions and skin conditions, in addition to using it to expel phlegm.

Licorice trade flourished during the 13th century in Europe due to its use as a folk remedy for coughing, as well as its use as a sweetener in medicine and food.

The licorice plant grows in most Mediterranean countries, and is cultivated in Turkey, France, Germany, Italy, Syria and China. In recent years, Syria produced around a thousand tons and imported a similar amount from Iraq.

The licorice roots are chopped into sticks and exported to Europe and used locally. The sticks are chewed as a mouth cleanser and also used to help quit smoking. They are also ground for home use and preparing drinks.

Concentrated licorice extract is used in food industries such as confectionaries, ice cream, chewing gum, chocolate, cosmetics, toothpaste, and fire extinguisher foam, in addition to using it as a condiment.

The licorice drink is produced by moistening the roots until they turn from yellow to reddish brown as they ferment. Afterwards, they are wrapped in cloth and soaked slowly with water. The water is then filterer for half an hour. This process requires twenty liters of water for each kilogram of licorice.

The licorice drink vendor walks around old marketplaces and allies, wearing his traditional outfit and carrying the drink in a container on his back.

The licorice has an effect similar to codeine when used to cure coughs and expel phlegm. It also helps cure stomach and intestinal ulcers, reduces stomach acidity and protects the stomach's mucus layer.

Other medical uses include protection against cold, reducing rheumatoid and arthritis pain, and relieving constipation. It also reduces the effect of menopause and produces a material that prevents the oxidation of cells.

Licorice drink is natural and free of industrial food additives. It can be consumed warm or cold, and is particularly popular in Ramadan.

H. Sabbagh